Kaburu Anthony: Why we need to build sustainable cities

Kaburu Anthony: Why we need to build sustainable cities: Today’s cities are finding it hard to be both livable and economically strong. Not one has truly balanced people, profit, and the planet, ev...

Kaburu Anthony: Why we need to build sustainable cities

Kaburu Anthony: Why we need to build sustainable cities: Today’s cities are finding it hard to be both livable and economically strong. Not one has truly balanced people, profit, and the planet, ev...

Why we need to build sustainable cities

Today’s cities are finding it hard to be both livable and economically strong. Not one has truly balanced people, profit, and the planet, every so often; I find it important to reset and to re-envision what a successful future looks like.

Sustainable Cities generally refers to achieving a balance among the environmental, economic, and social pillars of sustainability. Communities are the smaller pockets of cities, therefore creating sustainable communities can lead to sustainable, thriving cities.

This article seeks to take a step back and revisit the fundamentals of what the building of a sustainable city requires. The footprint of cities is a heavy contributor to the un-sustainability of life on the planet; each city takes much more than its total land area to support the population that lives, works, and plays there.

It’s a mind boggling fact that over half of the world’s population lives in urban areas, and this number will increase to about two thirds of the world’s population by 2050. That means that today, 3.9 billion people are living in cities, and that number will continue to rise exponentially.

Tokyo, Japan is today’s most populous city, with 38 million dwellers; followed by Delhi, India with a population of 25 million people and expected to grow to 36 million by 2030. In the U.S., 81% of the populations of 320 million live in urban areas or suburbs.

The Ideal City

For most people, the impetus to work for a more sustainable city stems from the desire to live in a more beautiful and live-able city for themselves and their children, or from the worry that the next natural disaster will wipe current infrastructure and systems.

The ideal city would be cleaner, quieter, safer, more accessible, and healthier. Cleaner cities would have less trash and less pollution than current systems allow for. Quieter cities would have less noise from cars and a more organized sense of the urban chaos that city dwellers love. Safer cities would be well lit, well patrolled, and have a strong sense of community.

Well accessible and sustainable cities would make public transportation the cheapest and easiest option for travel, negating the need for cars and the congestion and pollution they bring. Bike access and priority is also a cornerstone of the ideal sustainable city. Finally, the ideal city makes health and sanitation systems a priority, and would do so by making health care easily accessible, as well as fresh food, access to recreation, and top-notch sewer and waste services.

 

The View from Main Street

Although many of us may have a vision for the city that we want to live in, I think it’s safe to say that few of us feel as empowered as we’d like to in the process of change-making. This stems from a root system of problems, not from one single source that we would be able to identify and target with a panacea.

Although many city residents may think that our cities are moving slowly into the future, and are lagging behind the private sector in terms of innovation and embracing technology, it’s important to keep in mind the challenges and barriers that cities must take into account when planning for change.

When cities implement new programs, they’re putting taxpayer money at stake, and thus are less incentivized to take risks that may lead to innovation or breakthrough in old systems. City governments have a wide array of stakeholders to consider, and many stakeholder groups have different needs and wants from city services.

Even so, considering the hurdles, there are a distinct set of barriers to implementing sustainable practices, systems, and economies that most cities are facing.

The broad and short list includes the following:

·         city budgeting is often focused on the short-term, while planning for sustainability requires long term thinking

·         city zoning laws and other regulations do not allow for sustainable development or necessary urban infill

·         citizens are disengaged in civic processes and from their neighborhoods

·         there is not adequate demand for sustainable business practices, products, or services to create a thriving green economy

·         city departments are siloed in the planning process (so that housing does not communicate with transportation on major projects)

Where’s the Fast Lane to Change?

As impassioned citizens, we tend to argue the case for the one project or the plan that addresses what we see that we need to build a sustainable city, but the reality is that we need to push from many different angles at once. The most basic premise for change starts at the roots of a city, with its people’s will for change, and in conversation.

The level on top of this grassroots communication requires that citizens have access to the channels that feed their information to city officials who can continue the conversation at the city and policy level. The disconnect happens between these two tiers, creating blind spots in both policy making and citizen conversations, and rendering outreach efforts by city governments fruitless, for lack of clear channels of engagement between the two groups.

A handful of new apps are popping up to fill this gap in communication, and will hopefully encourage civic engagement in this digital age. The worry is that all city dwellers are not on the same wave of technology, and so whole demographic groups and even neighborhoods are left out of these technology-based conversations.

Assuming that we’re on track (and we are) for creating positive and inclusive sustainable change in our cities, and recognizing that dialogue between city governments and city dwellers is a key factor in the equation; what are the overarching stretch goals that these conversations should be considering?

To keep it purely scientific, with the goal of decarbonizing city economies and cities by 2050 (which is what we need to do globally to avoid major consequences of climate change), we need to do the following:

·         Create land-use legislation that will smartly raise density, and will increase access to amenities, shopping, and employment within cities

·         Make urban areas more self-reliant for food, power, and water

·         Create multiple options for recycling, reuse, and remanufacturing of materials, along with skilled people for those activities

·         Make urban areas accessible by car-free mobility; invest in viable alternatives for walking, biking, and public transportation

These necessary changes don’t sound easy, and there’s clearly no single answer to the question of what we need to build sustainable cities (and soon). What is clear, however, is that cities are reliant upon their most plentiful resource: their citizens, to be key drivers and engaged ambassadors of the change process. Systems-change is necessarily iterative and collaborative, and human systems are no exception; we’re all in this together.

For any of these challenges to be addressed – and potentially overcome – it is vital that cities take a leadership role to ensure that the needs of their stakeholders are fulfilled. New and engaged partnerships must be formed, including direct interaction with industry, and communication in the digital age should provide a platform for increased levels of co-operation and education on a much wider scale.

Along with leadership must come accountability, especially if civic leaders are to engage with their communities to find and enact mutually-beneficial solutions to their growing challenges and problems. Leaders will need to address a myriad of sensitive social issues – social cohesion, poverty, aging populations, the obesity and mental health crises, immigration, multi-culturalism, discrimination, and growing racism and xenophobia – alongside the provision of infrastructure and services.  

Accountability can take many forms and these are all vital if we are to successfully deliver sustainability in our cities. Creating sustainable cities won’t be easy – but with a positive attitude, the right vision and approach, it can be done. We need to start making changes now. We need to create sustainable cities that nurture a resilient way of life.

To achieve the bold vision set forth in SDG 11, representatives of the General Assembly must ensure that their national governments are setting the right policies that empower cities to take control of their own destiny—institutionalizing best practices for urban development that will allow them to reap the multiple benefits of a resilience dividend for years to come—through political turnover and through whatever shock or stress confronts them next.

Achieving SDG 11 will also require countries, donors, local governments, and other stakeholders to make substantial investments in our cities and communities. Baseline estimates of local needs, regularly updated and tailored to different contexts, will help inform these critical decisions and direct resources to address the world’s most pressing urban issues. ‍

Furthermore, making cities safe and sustainable means ensuring access to safe and affordable housing, and upgrading settlements’ conditions, including water and sanitation, energy, infrastructure, investing in public transport, creating green public spaces, and improving urban planning and management to be participatory and inclusive.

Finally, improving the lives of urban dwellers across the world—will not be determined merely by our ability to rally support around the cause of building more sustainable and resilient cities. True success in this space will be determined by how well we plan for, resource, and ultimately implement the projects that will make our cities sustainable, prosperous, and resilient well into the 21st Century. 

The good news is that many of these solutions are already out there waiting to be scaled across the world.  We need to start making these changes now. We need to create sustainable cities that nurture a resilient way of life.